Algumas palavras têm significado que, na prática, são inalcançáveis à compreensão racional, não obstante permitam vislumbrar a dimensão ideal, metafísica ou transcendente — se não divina — da existência. Tal se dá com substantivos como “perfeição”, “eternidade” e “plenitude”, com seus cognatos. A palavra “eternidade” sinaliza, por exemplo, o tempo pleno, pois não teve início e não terá fim. Como o homem, que é mortal, poderia conceber a ideia de eternidade, sem a graça da inteligência e a inspiração providencial? Em geometria, o conceito basilar de ponto suscita idêntica perplexidade: “ponto é um objeto que não possui forma nem dimensão”. É curioso que, equivalendo a um nada, em que não se pode encontrar medida alguma, seja a base de todos os demais conceitos (reta, plano, figura etc.). Esse “nada” é, afinal, pura abstração essencial à geometria.
Transferindo essa conjectura para o domínio jurídico, descobre-se certa arrogância em quem cunhou e endossou o instituto chamado “prisão perpétua”1. Merece o adjetivo “perpétuo” aquilo que se mantém para sempre. Partindo de sua acepção metafísica, o termo, se não for de todo impróprio, sustenta-se em uma analogia claudicante, porque incapaz de abarcar o passado. E sua acepção material, “perpétuo” dever ser interpretado como “daqui para frente” ou “doravante”, de modo que se projeta apenas para o futuro. Aplicada pela justiça secular, a pena perpétua é, na verdade, uma projeção incerta sobre um futuro limitado, porque juiz algum seria capaz de mensurar ou prever o tempo de vida restante a um condenado. Basta que o criminoso sofra um infarto fulminante ao ouvir a condenação, para que a sentença prolatada perca sua eficácia e a pena mostre-se inexequível.
É certo que, para o condenado, o castigo será “infinito enquanto dure”2. Para os membros ordeiros da sociedade, essa imprevisibilidade temporal é irrelevante, se a condenação for justa e se houver aparato estatal apto a concretizá-la. Não se tem notícia de magistrado que, a título de concorrer com os desígnios divinos, tenha estabelecido a dosimetria de uma pena perpétua, o que juridicamente parece ser possível no direito norte-americano, em que se aplica a pena “life in prison” acrescida de alguns anos — talvez com a pretensão de afirmar o poder do Estado após o Apocalipse.
![](https://jurideque.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/prisao-perpetua-300x178.png)
Montagem com base em notícia publicada pelo Conjur (Disponível em: https://www.conjur.com.br/2021-out-03/americano-condenado-prisoes-perpetuas-345-anos/. Acesso em: 17 dez. 2023.)
Na literatura de ficção, por outro lado, já se propôs a um matemático cálculo ainda mais complexo: a metade de uma pena perpétua. Esse desafio foi feito a Beremiz Samir, protagonista de “O homem que calculava”, obra escrita por Júlio César de Mello e Sousa (1895-1974), brasileiro, natural do Rio de Janeiro, professor e engenheiro, que publicou sobre o pseudônimo de Malba Tahan.
Eis os termos do caso apresentado ao calculista, que o considerou delicado, por interessar “à justiça dos homens e à verdade dos números” (MALBA TAHAN 2023, p. 222).
“— Ontem, poucas horas antes de nosso glorioso califa Al-Motacém, Emir dos Crentes, partir para Báçora (onde vai ficar três semanas), houve um incêndio na prisão. Durante muitas horas a violência do fogo ameaçou destruir tudo. Os detentos, fechados em suas celas, sofreram, por muito tempo, tremendo suplício, torturados por indizíveis angústias. Diante disso, o nosso generoso soberano determinou fosse reduzida à metade a pena de todos os condenados! A princípio não demos importância alguma ao caso, pois parecia muito simples ordenar se cumprisse, com todo o rigor, a sentença do rei. No dia seguinte, porém, quando a caravana do Príncipe dos Crentes já se achava longe, verificamos que a tal sentença de última hora envolvia problema extremamente delicado, sem a solução do qual não poderia ter perfeita execução.
— Entre os detentos — prosseguiu o ministro — beneficiados pela lei, existe um contrabandista de Báçora, chamado Sanadique, preso a quatro anos, condenado a prisão perpétua. A pena desse homem deve ser reduzida à metade. Ora, como ele foi condenado à prisão por toda a vida, segue-se que deverá, agora, em virtude da lei, ser perdoado da metade da pena, ou melhor, da metade do tempo que ainda lhe resta de vida. Viverá ele, ainda, certo tempo “x”, desconhecido! Como dividir por dois um período de tempo que ignoramos? Como calcular a metade do “x” da vida?” (MALBA TAHAN 2023, p. 221)
De imediato, Beremiz pede para conhecer in loco o cárcere, porque, explicará mais tarde, “só quem já esteve, por alguns momentos sequer, entre os muros tenebrosos de uma enxovia, sabe resolver esses problemas em que os números são parcelas terríveis da desgraça humana” (MALBA TAHAN 2023, p. 233).
![](https://jurideque.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/John-Trumbull-300632rgsdl-300x238.jpg)
“I Was in Prison and Ye Came Unto Me”, pintura feita por John Trumbull (1756 – 1843). (Disponível em: https://artvee.com/dl/i-was-in-prison-and-ye-came-unto-me-matthew-2536#00. Acesso em: 17 dez. 2023.)
Depois, resoluto, apresenta seu raciocínio ao grão-vizir, ponderando sempre sobre a necessidade de executar rigorosamente a ordem do soberano, mesmo em face do imponderável. Beremiz assume que é impossível aferir o tempo de vida que resta a Sanadique; portanto, resta-lhe fazer exercícios de imaginação e raciocínios numéricos, buscando conformar a justiça humana aos insondáveis desígnios divinos. Inicialmente, ele propõe que, se o contrabandista ficou encarcerado por quatro anos, deve ficar em liberdade por igual período.
Essa solução, contudo, não satisfaz plenamente a ordem real nem ao próprio calculista, uma vez que seria necessário reencarcerar o contrabandista após o quadriênio e tornar a libertá-lo por equivalente interregno, cuja duração, desta vez, seria inaferível.
Então, insistindo no exercício hipotético-imaginativo, Beremiz cogita da dinâmica de prender e libertar o contrabandista por intervalos regulares cada vez menores: ano, mês e dia. Porém, projeta-se sempre a sombra da possibilidade de que, solto o condenado, venha a morte arrebatá-lo antes que tenha desfrutado plenamente do benefício que a sentença real lhe concedera: cumprir apenas metade da pena a que fora condenado.
Beremiz conclui que, para afastar qualquer suspeita de desobediência ao soberano e de injustiça ao condenado, seria necessário que a alternância entre o cárcere e a liberdade ocorresse na escala do instante, o que, na prática, equivaleria a manter Sanadique preso e solto, ao mesmo tempo. Ressaltou que: “(…) É preciso, porém, que o tempo de prisão (o instante) seja infinitamente pequeno, isto é, indivisível. O mesmo há de dar-se como o período de liberdade a seguir” (MALBA TAHAN 2023, p. 233).
Como não há instrumentos materiais para concretizar tal cálculo, promovendo-se tão imediata alternância entre castigo e benefício, Beremiz invoca uma solução pautada mais na prudência que na matemática: ele sugere que seja concedida liberdade condicional ao contrabandista.
“(…) Como prender um homem num instante e soltá-lo no instante seguinte? Devemos, portanto, afastá-lo de nossas cogitações. Só vejo, ó vizir, uma forma de resolver o problema: Sanadique será posto em liberdade condicional sob vigilância da lei. É essa a única maneira de prender e soltar um homem ao mesmo tempo!” (MALBA TAHAN 2023, p. 233)
O grão-vizir acata o raciocínio do calculista, por considerá-lo lógico, adequado e exequível.
No entanto, por mais justa que pareça, a solução proposta por Beremiz revela os estreitos limites da atuação humana. Sendo incapaz de realizar plenamente até mesmo a justiça estabelecida pelo próprio homem, o intelecto recorre a instrumentos paliativos e imperfeitos, mas conformados à realidade que ele pode por si só experimentar e manipular. Nas entrelinhas, o problema de matemática prova que a justiça humana é pontual. Basta que Sanadique volte a delinquir para que o calculista perceba a precariedade de sua inteligência engenhosa e a fragilidade de sua razoável conclusão: a violação da condicional implicaria reencarcerar o contrabandista, mas por quanto tempo?
O cálculo da metade de uma prisão perpétua, mesmo sendo um dilema ficcional, concita-nos a refletir sobre o significado da palavra “justiça”, que talvez não possa ser plena e racionalmente compreendido, mas apenas vislumbrado nas oportunidades em que somos chamados a harmonizar circunstâncias reais e imperfeitas ao ideal de bem, que transcende a existência material.
1 “Encarceramento vitalício” é expressão mais coerente para descrever o instituto.
2 Fragmento do “Soneto de fidelidade”, de Vinícius de Moraes.
REFERÊNCIAS
INSTITUTO HUGO DE SÃO VITOR. O estudo da geometria. Disponível em: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SuYBZ8GhufE. Acesso em 17 dez. 2023. [vídeo]
INSTITUTO HUGO DE SÃO VÍTOR. Trivium e quadrivium: a doutrina das 7 Artes Liberais. Porto Alegre: Instituto Hugo de São Vítor, 2020.
TAHAN, Malba. O homem que calculava. 109. ed. Rio de Janeiro; São Paulo: Record, 2023.
YVBzNOgqCF
iyVCavASKwITuhp
Selling your property for money and flipping residences for profit can be a highly effective method to create income in the real estate industry. Still, it needs meticulous organization and preparation. To start, evaluate the marketplace worth of your estate by hiring a certified evaluator, contrasting it to comparable residences, or using web-based valuation instruments. Pricing your house properly is vital; determining it underpriced can lead in financial loss, while costing it overpriced can lengthen the marketing procedure. Seeking a real estate broker can aid you determine a reasonable price reflecting existing sector climate.
Before marketing your house for cash, make required repairs and upgrades, especially in key areas like the kitchen and washrooms. A tidy and orderly property is significantly appealing to investors and can expedite the deal. Staging your home by decluttering, placing furnishings carefully, and introducing decorative elements can moreover increase its appeal. Think about engaging a certified property stager to form an cozy atmosphere for prospective investors.
For those seeking to revolve properties for gain, obtaining the proper investment is essential. Choices consist of traditional bank funds, alternative loans, and private loans. Choose the funding alternative that best fits your needs and confirm you have a strong payback plan. Partnering with the proper experts—housing agents, renovators, inspectors, and attorney professionals—is crucial for a effective revolving undertaking. These experts can help you find the right estate, handle repairs, assess the home’s state, and handle law-related issues, guaranteeing a seamless and profitable renovating undertaking. For more information and materials on this area, kindly explore my top site.
Should must completely learn more info on this key fact subject matter consult with my favorite site:
[url=https://stephburtcashoffers.com/sell-your-house][color=#000_url]we purchase home for funds between Atlanta Georgia and South Fulton GA 30349[/color][/url]
[url=https://www.velemibau.hu/2016/03/27/hello-world/#comment-2002]Circumvent Typical Pitfalls in House Flipping[/url] e91ae85
Discover the ease of buying verified accounts at ToMyAccount.com. We specialize in providing PVA accounts that work effortlessly on any platform, thanks to our use of unique server IPs. Enjoy fast delivery, competitive prices, and a secure shopping experience with every purchase.
Click for More:
https://ToMyAccount.com
Thank You So Much!
HMJjFARIZgiOP
tbHADBRvZnukKVTw
Uncover advantages of Gallon Multi-Opening Develop Sacks for Residential Garden
Horticulture aficionados, have you ever considered using Large Multi-Port Grow Bags? These useful containers are a game-changer for anyone looking to increase their horticulture room. With multiple ports, you can grow various greens, aromatics, or flowers in one bag. Picture growing tomatoes, herbs, and flowers all in the same receptacle!
The best aspect? These grow bags are transportable and recyclable, rendering them a sustainable selection for environmentally-aware horticulturists. They permit for optimal plant aeration and prevent saturation, ensuring your greens flourish. Plus, their strength signifies they can withstand the weather season after season.
So, if you’re looking to boost your gardening game, experiment with these multi-mouth grow bags a try. Your plants will gratify you, and your yard will appear more vibrant than before.
Have a look at this
Sedona Guitarist that plays Flamenco Guitar in Arizona
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Mh5AE8xlwE
[url=https://baretly.net/index.php?topic=292.new#new]Frequent Rooftop Examinations: Reasons They Are Crucial[/url] 1e64b24
[url=https://gardeningtricks.online/product/vintage-watering-pot-glass-watering-can-plant-mister-spray-bottle-glass-garden-watering-pot-plant-spritzer-watering-bottle/]Holiday Evergreen Yard Polymer Fence[/url]
ePXJHnFbsQcLd
The Potential of EMDR Therapy for Stress Recovery.
Psychological trauma might experience significant and persistent results on an individuals’ cognitive as well as emotional and mental spirit. Regularly resulting in effects like memory recalls, bad dreams, and also extreme vigilance.
Eye Movement Gradual Desensitization & Reprocessing (EMDR) offers come forth since a favorable strategy regarding psychological trauma recovery, supplying confidence to those searching for relief from the actual debilitating effects regarding traumatic activities.
This particular post analyzes the particular commitment regarding EMDR therapy in trauma recovery. EMDR’s distinctive two-sided stimulation methods are created to help help the processing and integration linked with traumatic memories, making it possible persons to understand of their experiences and lower the actual emotional and mental distress affiliated with them.
Study has unveiled that EMDR therapy can produce important advancements throughout symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in addition to various other trauma-related conditions. By dealing with the actual primary result in linked with trauma and also reprocessing connected adverse beliefs, EMDR encourages individuals to transfer over and above their earlier experiences along with regain regulate over their lives.
Although EMDR therapy might certainly not become a new One-size-fits-all solution pertaining to trauma recovery, it symbolizes a valuable add-on towards the therapeutic toolkit for psychological well being professionals. Having proceeding research and also clinical advancements, EMDR maintains this likely to change this day-to-day lives associated with trauma survivors in addition to pave the actual means intended for lasting treatment in addition to resilience.
[url=https://www.lkinstitute.com/our-story]Thorough counseling[/url]
[url=https://powder.metallurgy.utah.edu/?tfa_next=%2Fforms%2FlegacyView%2F543%2F3940ff1f0e9aeace037362369ef12d73%2F199490%3Fjsid%3DeyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.ImMyY2QwZGY3ZWZkOTYzMWM3M2FiMDk1MDgyNzA5MmUwIg.TiBk-bhk_TqPE8_w0upNAotYb7XjCR9xBAWh_DWpxqM]Detailed One-on-One Healing in EMDR[/url] 1ae85b5
EewqHbSOCfvPLJA
LjfROviQanyFB
nCRqoGcdJAvuNf
BXiGVrDOwpLMxkP
dPIcmUJst
zwyYFhMHR
VINOnFMdivatRb
FrInlpmhVogUuWJy
IFsfCwBYz
Motivations Homeowners Need to a Qualified Roofing Company in Coastal NC
Residences in coastal areas, such as Wilmington, North Carolina, encounter specific issues when it comes to roof care. Hiring a certified roofing expert is crucial for addressing these challenges and maintaining the lifespan of coverings.
Listed below are multiple causes why property owners must consider hiring professional roofing services in Wilmington:
Motivations Real Estate Companies Need to a Certified Roofing Expert in Wilmington, North Carolina
Residences near the shore, like Wilmington, deal with distinct problems concerning roof upkeep. Employing a qualified roofing company is vital for managing these issues and maintaining the durability of roofs.
Listed below are multiple causes why homeowners must seriously consider engaging professional roofing services in Wilmington:
Severe Weather Destruction Repair
Oceanfront properties frequently face severe weather including storms, which can cause extensive harm to coverings. A licensed roofer can correctly determine and restore weather-related harm to avert subsequent damage.
Saline Atmosphere Oxidation Protection
Salty air may lead to oxidation of roof components, particularly steel roofs. Regular inspections by a professional can identify initial indicators of rust and employ protective treatments to enhance the lifespan of the covering.
Moisture Regulation and Drip Fix
Coastal regions experience high humidity, which can lead to water accumulation beneath coverings, resulting in drips and structural harm. A certified expert can handle water-related concerns successfully and perform required fixes to avoid further damage.
Adequate Venting Setup
Adequate roofing airflow is vital for avoiding dampness accumulation and keeping the integrity of roof components. A certified expert can install airflow solutions that fit the particular requirements of seaside residences.
Material Understanding and Suggestions
Professional roofers have extensive knowledge of suitable options for oceanfront climates. They can recommend materials that are resistant to oxidation, moisture, and storm effects, maintaining prolonged longevity for roofs.
Understanding these factors is vital as it can lower expenses over time. Preventative care and immediate restorations can avoid expensive harm and enhance the durability of the covering, ensuring the safety of the residence in seaside regions.
Oceanfront properties frequently face severe weather including storms, leading to tremendous damage to coverings. A certified company can accurately assess and repair hurricane damage to avert later damage.
Saline Breeze Oxidation Protection
Ocean breeze may lead to rust of roofing materials, really steel roofs. Frequent checks by a qualified individual can find initial indicators of rust and apply proactive solutions to enhance the longevity of the roofing.
Dampness Management plus Leak Fix
Coastal regions experience high humidity, which could cause water accumulation under roofing material, resulting in drips plus water damage. A certified expert can handle humidity efficiently plus required fixes to prevent further damage.
Proper Venting Setup
good roofing airflow is essential for avoiding humidity buildup and preserving the integrity of the roofing materials. A certified expert can implement venting mechanisms that match the specific conditions of oceanfront properties.
Resource Understanding and Recommendations
Certified experts have extensive knowledge of the best materials for oceanfront climates. They’ll be able to suggest options which can endure oxidation, dampness, and storm effects, ensuring a much longer lifespan for coverings.
Understanding these factors is crucial now that it might probably save cash eventually. Regular upkeep and on the spot restorations can stay away from high dollar destruction and extend the durability of the covering, maintaining the protection of the property in beachfront regions.
[url=https://portcityexteriors.com/gutter-installation/]Commercial roofing specialists near by Leland NC[/url]
[url=http://metal-cave.phorum.pl/viewtopic.php?f=1&t=3537501]Ideal Roof Elements for Windy Regions[/url] 64b24fa
Matt Michael D’Agati functions as the owner of Renewables Worldwide, a alternative energy Company in Massachusetts.
A few year ago, venturing into an adventurous journey, Matt D’Agati stepped into the realm of alternative energy, plus in a short days commenced effectively marketing megawatts of power, mainly as part of the business industry, collaborating with solar farm developers and local businesses in the “planning” of their plans.
Ongoing networking among the market, offered Matt to sign up at a nearby startup 2 a very long time gone by, and in a brief period, he assumed the role of their CSO, responsible for all functioning and startup evolution, as well as being presented social group control.
By using strategical joint ventures and shear services mentality, Matthew D’Agati brought that organization from a marginal very first-year sales to in excess of a 150% build up in arrant commissions by season two. On that premise, RW, an warhorse-purchased company, was started with business of serving alternative electricity products for a smarter and more safe future.
Even more exclusively, understanding there is a specific market in the market and an improved approach to generate final results, RW is one of the few companies in the America to concentrate on guest obtain, specializing in both commercialized and residential solar power workplace off-take. Its dream is to formulate a commissions facilities on a regional, statewide, national level, offering various alternative energy products in to the of RW.
This passion in their sustainable industry goes to delight and motivate Matt in maintaining his journey to work with associations that express the equal of giving you eco-friendly energy treatment methods for a much lasting foreseeable future. Matt needs each in market from Hesser College.
[url=https://iamimmense.com/missioncontrol]Gauging sun-powered fields costs with Matthew D’Agati.[/url]
ybVqSiWOM
OZBicSJTaWx
AhsycDHjnZXTaNb
ovhuxiWynrecwzJ
LBpzKPFhDE
wDFRTZcAuL
Consistent Maintenance Prevents Expensive Fixes
Routine roof upkeep can avert huge and expensive restorations when left unattended for lengthy durations. Small issues like seepages, cracks, or absent tiles can escalate into serious issues if ignored. Property owners ought to plan periodic inspections with certified roofing contractors to catch any concerns early and address such before they become costly headaches. Preserving the roof in excellent state can prolong its lifespan and save property owners expenses eventually.
For the purpose of instance One property owner notices a minor seepage in their roofing and calls a certified expert to inspect. The expert identifies multiple problems that may have caused serious damage if ignored. Fixing these problems quickly saves the resident a significant amount of dollars in possible restorations.
For example One house owner plans regular examinations for their covering. During one of these checks, the professional discovers early signs of deterioration. Preventative maintenance conducted quickly lengthens the durability of the roof and averts costly fixes later.
[url=https://portcityexteriors.com/pressure-washing/]Professional roofing professionals around Castle Hayne NC[/url]
[url=https://pastebin.anope.org/index.php?page=viewpaste&id=eddacbd928]Stopping Ice Accumulation on Your Roof[/url] 3d0cf1_